Dokcer的安装

🌈Docker 部署常见应用

Nginx

  1. 使用docker拉取nginx镜像

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    docker pull nginx

  2. 修改nginx 配置 vim /usr/local/nginx/nginx.conf

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events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    client_max_body_size     50m;
    client_body_buffer_size  10m; 
    client_header_timeout    1m;
    client_body_timeout      1m;

server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  172.29.49.90;
     
        location / {		
            root   /usr/local/vue/blog;
            index  index.html index.htm; 
            try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;	
        }
			
	location ^~ /api/ {		
            proxy_pass http://172.29.49.90:8080/;
	       	proxy_set_header   Host             $host;
            proxy_set_header   X-Real-IP        $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        }
    }
	
server {
        listen       9090;
        server_name  172.29.49.90;
     
        location / {		
            root   /usr/local/vue/admin;
            index  index.html index.htm; 
            try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;	
        }
			
	location ^~ /api/ {		
            proxy_pass http://172.29.49.90:8080/;
	    	proxy_set_header   Host             $host;
            proxy_set_header   X-Real-IP        $remote_addr;						
            proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        }
    }
 }

  1. 启动nginx 镜像

    • 已将nginx 配置文件映射到宿主机/opt/module/nginx/nginx.conf
    • 将部署网站的静态目录 映射至/usr/local/vue
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    docker run --name nginx --restart=always -p 80:80 -p 443:443 -p 9090:9090 -d -v /opt/module/nginx/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf -v /opt/module/vue:/usr/local/vue nginx 

    docker run --name nginx --restart=always -p 80:80 -p 443:443  -d -v /opt/module/nginx/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf -v /opt/module/blog:/opt/module/blog nginx

  2. 查看nginx容器和日志

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    # 查看启动容器
    docker ps

    # 查看日志
    docker logs nginx

  3. 若重写了nginx 配置后, 需要重新加载nginx

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    # 重启nginx
    docker restart nginx

  4. 测试

MySQL

mysql 5.7 安装

  1. 拉取MySQL 5.7 镜像

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    docker pull mysql:5.7

  2. 运行MySQL镜像

    说明: 将MySQL的data/conf/log 全部映射到宿主机的/opt/module/mysql 目录下

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    docker run \
    --name mysql \
    -d \
    -p 3306:3306 \
    --restart=always \
    -v /opt/module/mysql/log:/var/log/mysql \
    -v /opt/module/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql \
    -v /opt/module/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d \
    -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456.. \
    mysql:5.7

  3. 查看MySQL容器和日志

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    # 查看启动容器
    docker ps

    # 查看日志
    docker logs mysql

  4. 进入mysql容器, 并测试环境

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    docker exec -it mysql /bin/bash

mysql 8.0 安装

  1. 拉取MySQL 8.0 镜像

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    docker pull mysql:8.0

  2. 运行MySQL镜像

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    docker run \
    --name mysql8 \
    -d \
    -p 3307:3306 \
    --restart=always \
    -v /opt/module/mysql-8.0/log:/var/log/mysql \
    -v /opt/module/mysql-8.0/data:/var/lib/mysql \
    -v /opt/module/mysql-8.0/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d \
    -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456.. \
    mysql:8.0

  3. 查看MySQL容器和日志

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    # 查看启动容器
    docker ps

    # 查看日志
    docker logs mysql8

  4. 进入mysql容器, 测试环境

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    docker exec -it mysql8 /bin/bash

Redis

  1. 使用docker拉取redis镜像

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    docker pull redis

``

  1. 启动Redis容器

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    docker run \
    --name redis  	\
    --restart=always 	\
    -p 6379:6379 	\
    -d redis 	\
    --requirepass "123456.." # 启动Redis

  2. 连接测试

RabbitMQ

  1. 拉取镜像

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    # 拉取镜像
    docker pull rabbitmq:3.13-management

  2. 启动

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    docker run -d \
    --name rabbitmq \
    -p 5672:5672 \
    -p 15672:15672 \
    -v rabbitmq-plugin:/plugins \
    -e RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_USER=guest \
    -e RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_PASS=123456 \
    --restart=always \
    rabbitmq:3.13-management

Nacos

  1. 拉取镜像

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    # 拉取镜像
    docker pull nacos/nacos-server:v2.1.1

  2. 启动

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    docker run -id \
    --name nacos \
    -p 8848:8848 \
    -p 9848:9848 \
    -p 9849:9849 \
    -e MODE=standalone \
    --restart=always \
    nacos/nacos-server:v2.1.1

Sentinel

  1. 拉取镜像

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    # 拉取镜像
    docker pull bladex/sentinel-dashboard

  2. 启动

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    docker run -p 8858:8858 -d --name=sentinel \
    --restart=always bladex/sentinel-dashboard:latest

Elasticserach

直接使用docker compose搭建ES和kibana的环境,

本次使用Window Docker 来安装, 若为Linux 系统, 则可以直接从第三步开始

  1. 拉取镜像

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    docker pull elasticsearch:8.5.0

  2. 启动ES容器

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    docker run -d --name es -p 9200:9200 -p 9300:9300 -e "discovery.type=single-node" elasticsearch:8.5.0

  3. 复制文件到挂载目录后, 停止并删除ES容器

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    # 复制配置 
    docker cp elasticsearch:/usr/share/elasticsearch/config/   D:\\Environment\\DockerData\\Elasticsearch\\es_config

    # 停止并删除容器
    docker stop es
    docker rm es

  4. 查看docker compose 环境

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    docker-compose --version

  5. 创建docker-compose.yaml 文件, 内容如下:

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    services:
      elasticsearch:
        container_name: elasticsearch
        image: elasticsearch:8.5.0
        restart: always
        networks:
          - glsx_net
        ports:
          - "9200:9200"
          - "9300:9300"
        environment:
          - "discovery.type=single-node"
          - "ES_JAVA_OPTS=-Xms1024m -Xmx1024m"
          - "bootstrap.memory_lock=true"
        volumes:
          - "/d/Environment/DockerData/Elasticsearch/es_config:/usr/share/elasticsearch/config"
          - "/d/Environment/DockerData/Elasticsearch/es_data:/usr/share/elasticsearch/data"
          - "/d/Environment/DockerData/Elasticsearch/es_plugins:/usr/share/elasticsearch/plugins"
        ulimits:
          nproc: 65535
          nofile:
            soft: 65535
            hard: 65535
      kibana:
        container_name: kibana
        image: kibana:8.5.0
        restart: always
        networks:
          - glsx_net
        ports:
          - "5601:5601"
        environment:
          - "ELASTICSEARCH_HOSTS=http://elasticsearch:9200"
    networks:
      glsx_net:
        ipam:
          driver: default
          config:
            - subnet: 172.20.0.0/16

  6. 在创建es的文目录下, 启动容器

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    docker compose -f docker-compose.yml up -d

  7. 修改ES 配置, 关闭es的安全模块：

    vim /var/lib/docker/volumes/es_es_config/_data/elasticsearch.yml

    修改值为false, 如下所示:

    image-20241114111503078

  8. 集成ik 分词器

    (若已经有安装包, 则可以直接将解压后的文件复制到挂载的目录下 /d/Environment/DockerData/Elasticsearch/es_plugins)

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    # 进入已经启动成功的elasticsearch容器。
    docker exec -it elasticsearch /bin/bash

    # 下载ik分词器
    ./bin/elasticsearch-plugin install https://github.com/medcl/elasticsearch-analysis-ik/releases/download/v8.5.0/elasticsearch-analysis-ik-8.5.0.zip

    ps: 安装的ik分词器的版本一定要与elasticsearch的版本保持一致

    下载完成后, 退出容器, 并重启elasticsearch

  9. 访问ES 和kibana

    http://localhost:5601/

    http://localhost:9200/

⭐Docker常用操作

基础操作

  1. docker常用操作

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    # 搜索镜像 可以指定版本 docker search mysql:5.7
    docker search 镜像名

    # 查看已经下载的镜像
    docker images

    # 拉取镜像 可以指定版本  如 docker pull mysql:5.7
    docker pull 镜像名

    # 删除镜像
    docker rmi id/名称

    # 查看正在运行的容器
    docker ps -a 

    # 停止容器
    docker stop id/名称

    # 删除容器 
    docker rm id/名称

    # 查看容器日志
    docker logs id/名称

    # 查看容器内部ip
    docker inspect --format='{{.NetworkSettings.IPAddress}}' 容器名 | 容器id

    # 查看目录映射关系
    docker inspect -f "{{.Mounts}}" 【container-ID】

    更改挂载目录

方式一: 更改文件

  1. 关闭docker 服务

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    # 关闭docker
    systemctl stop docker.service

    # 查看容器id
    docker ps -a 

    # 查看容器的配置文件
    cat /var/lib/docker/containers/【container-ID】/config.v2.json

  2. 使用工具(idea 或 在线工具) 格式化json 文件

  3. 修改挂载的目录, 具体位置如下:

    image-20240807201702736

  4. 启动docker

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    # 启动
    systemctl start docker
    # 查看docker状态
    systemctl status docker

  5. 启动容器

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    docker restart 【container-ID】

docker 镜像的导出和导入

导出

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docker save -o myimage_latest.tar myimage:latest

导入

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docker load -i myimage_latest.tar

docker 日志

docker 的容器日志通常存放在宿主机的 /var/lib/docker/containers/【container-ID】

日志过多时, 可以进行删除

加速Docker镜像拉取

配置Docker 镜像加速

  1. 将镜像加速网站写入/etc/docker/daemon.json中

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    sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<EOF
    {
        "registry-mirrors": ["https://docker.211678.top"]
    }
    EOF

  2. 重启Docker 进程

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    sudo systemctl daemon-reload
    sudo systemctl restart docker

  3. 若遇见Docker 启动故障, 以下操作可能解决

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    mv  /etc/docker/daemon.json  /etc/docker/daemon.conf

    sudo systemctl daemon-reload
    sudo systemctl restart docker

镜像加速网站

  1. https://docker.211678.top

  2. “https://dockerproxy.com“,

“https://docker.m.daocloud.io“,
“https://dockerproxy.com“,
“https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn“,
“https://docker.nju.edu.cn

3.

Docker Compose

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services:
  rabbitmq:
    container_name: rabbitmq
    image: rabbitmq:3.12.0-management
    ports:
      - "15672:15672"
      - "5672:5672"
    restart: always
    environment:
      - RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_USER=admin
      - RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_PASS=123456..
    hostname: rabbitmq
    volumes:
      - "/opt/module/rabbitmq/data:/var/lib/rabbitmq"
      - "/opt/module/rabbitmq/conf:/etc/rabbitmq"
      - /etc/timezone:/etc/timezone
      - /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime
  nacos:
    container_name: nacos
    image: nacos/nacos-server:v2.1.1
    restart: always
    environment:
      - "MODE=standalone"
      - "NACOS_USER=admin"
      - "NACOS_PASSWORD=123456.."
      
      - "SPRING_DATASOURCE_PLATFORM=mysql"
      - "MYSQL_SERVICE_HOST=172.29.49.90"
      - "MYSQL_SERVICE_PORT=3307"
      - "MYSQL_SERVICE_DB_NAME=nacos"
      - "MYSQL_SERVICE_USER=root"
      - "MYSQL_SERVICE_PASSWORD=123456.."
      - "JVM_XMX=512m"
      - "JVM_XMS=512m"
    ports:
      - "8848:8848"
      - "9848:9848"
      - "9849:9849"
      
  sentinel:
    container_name: sentinel
    image: bladex/sentinel-dashboard:latest
    restart: always
    ports:
      - "8858:8858"
    environment:
        - "TZ=Asia/Shanghai" 
        # nacos访问地址+端口号
        - "SENTINEL_NACOS_SERVER_ADDR=nacos:8848"
        # nacos访问账号
        - "SENTINEL_NACOS_USERNAME=nacos"
        # nacos访问密码
        - "SENTINEL_NACOS_PASSWORD=123456.."

        - "SENTINEL_USERNAME=sentinel"
        - "SENTINEL_PASSWORD=123456.."
        
  elasticsearch:
    container_name: elasticsearch
    image: elasticsearch:8.5.0
    restart: always
    ports:
      - "9200:9200"
      - "9300:9300"
    environment:
      - "discovery.type=single-node"
      - "ES_JAVA_OPTS=-Xms1024m -Xmx1024m"
      - "bootstrap.memory_lock=true"
    volumes:
      - "/opt/module/elasticsearch/config:/usr/share/elasticsearch/config"
      - "/opt/module/elasticsearch/data:/usr/share/elasticsearch/data"
      - "/opt/module/elasticsearch/plugins:/usr/share/elasticsearch/plugins"
    ulimits:
      nproc: 65535
      nofile:
        soft: 65535
        hard: 65535
        
  kibana:
    container_name: kibana
    image: kibana:8.5.0
    restart: always
    ports:
      - "5601:5601"
    environment:
      - "ELASTICSEARCH_HOSTS=http://elasticsearch:9200"
      
  mongodb:
    container_name: mongodb
    image: mongo:7.0.0
    restart: always
    volumes:
      - "/opt/module/mongodb/config:/data/configdb"
      - "/opt/module/mongodb/data:/data/db"
    ports:
      - "27017:27017"
    environment:
      - MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_USERNAME=root
      - MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456..
      - MONGO_INITDB_DATABASE=admin
      
  seata-server:
    container_name: seata-server
    image: seataio/seata-server:2.0.0
    hostname: seata-server
    restart: always
    ports:
      - "8091:8091"
      - "7091:7091"
    environment:
      - SEATA_PORT=8091
      - SEATA_IP=192.168.200.10
    volumes:
      - "/opt/module/seata-server/resources:/seata-server/resources"
      - "/usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai:/etc/localtime"        #设置系统时区
      - "/usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai:/etc/timezone"  #设置时区